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Worked solution

Rotate a below-axis region through a full turn

Find the value of the volume of the solid generated by rotating the region bounded by y=x3−2x2y=x^3-2x^2 and the x-axis through four right angles about the x-axis.

CJC · Lecture · Example 14

Sketch and identify the bounded region

Factor y=x2(x−2)y=x^2(x-2). The bounded region lies between x=0x=0 and x=2x=2, below the x-axis. Four right angles mean 360∘=2π360^\circ=2\pi radians, a full turn. The source callout says to sketch first; the Teacher shades this exact region.

How did this part go?

Square the radius

The radius is the distance to the axis, ∣y∣|y|, so its square is y2y^2. Therefore V=π∫02y2 dx=π∫02(x3−2x2)2 dxV=\pi\int_0^2y^2\,dx=\pi\int_0^2(x^3-2x^2)^2\,dx.

How did this part go?

Evaluate the volume

The Teacher gives 3.833.83 cubic units to three significant figures. Independently, expanding gives V=π[x7/7−2x6/3+4x5/5]02=128π/105≈3.829751044V=\pi[x^7/7-2x^6/3+4x^5/5]_0^2=128\pi/105\approx3.829751044, agreeing with the source decimal.

How did this part go?

Compare your sketch

Expand diagram

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Curve y=x cubed −2x squared touches the axis at 0 and crosses at 2. Shade the below-axis region between 0 and 2; a full rotation about the x-axis gives volume 128π/105, approximately 3.83.
Curve y=x cubed −2x squared touches the axis at 0 and crosses at 2. Shade the below-axis region between 0 and 2; a full rotation about the x-axis gives volume 128π/105, approximately 3.83.
Curve y=x cubed −2x squared touches the axis at 0 and crosses at 2. Shade the below-axis region between 0 and 2; a full rotation about the x-axis gives volume 128π/105, approximately 3.83.

Common mistakes

Do not negate the volume because the region is below the axis, and do not multiply by 4 again: four right angles are one full turn.

Read the hint