Porisma

Worked solution

Practise products, exponentials and a logarithmic square root

Differentiate (a) xsin⁡xx\sin x, (b) e1+cos⁡xe^{1+\cos x}, and (c) ln⁡1+cos⁡x\ln\sqrt{1+\cos x} with respect to xx.

CJC · Lecture · Self-Practice 3

(a) Differentiate both product factors

The product rule gives sin⁡x+xcos⁡x\sin x+x\cos x, matching the printed answer xcos⁡x+sin⁡xx\cos x+\sin x. All real xx are allowed, with angles in radians.

How did this part go?

(b) Differentiate the inner exponent

The chain rule gives e1+cos⁡x(−sin⁡x)=−sin⁡x e1+cos⁡xe^{1+\cos x}(-\sin x)=-\sin x\,e^{1+\cos x}, matching the printed answer, for all real xx.

How did this part go?

(c) Keep the square root and logarithm domain

Write ln⁡1+cos⁡x=12ln⁡(1+cos⁡x)\ln\sqrt{1+\cos x}=\frac12\ln(1+\cos x). The logarithm requires 1+cos⁡x>01+\cos x>0, excluding odd multiples of π\pi. Differentiating gives −sin⁡x/[2(1+cos⁡x)]-\sin x/[2(1+\cos x)], exactly the printed answer. A zero radicand is not allowed inside this logarithm.

How did this part go?

Common mistakes

The square root introduces a factor of one half; a logarithm needs a strictly positive argument.

Solution notes

Both originals print the asks and final answers but no intermediate working. The intermediate derivations and domain explanations here are independently authored and checked against the printed answers. No printed marks or past-paper attribution.

Read the hint