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Compare a signed dice difference with its absolute value

A fair die is thrown once and XX is its score. Calculate E(X)E(X) and show that Var⁡(X)=35/12\operatorname{Var}(X)=35/12. The die is thrown twice, with scores X1,X2X_1,X_2. Tabulate the distribution of Y=∣X1−X2∣Y=\lvert X_1-X_2\rvert and find E(Y)E(Y). Let Z=X1−X2Z=X_1-X_2. State with reasons, without necessarily evaluating the quantities, whether (a) E(Z2)=E(Y2)E(Z^2)=E(Y^2) and (b) Var⁡(Z)=Var⁡(Y)\operatorname{Var}(Z)=\operatorname{Var}(Y).

[J1978/II/12(modified)]

CJC · Lecture · Example 15

Revise the one-die moments, then focus on the absolute-difference distribution.

Give every ordered pair equal probability 1/36 before grouping cell values.

For (a), compare the squared variables pointwise. For (b), compare the subtracted squared means.

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