Worked solution
Split a parent–child–parent block by its table
Mr and Mrs Tan have a son David and invite 6 guests for dinner. Before dinner, all 9 diners stand in a straight row for a group photo. Find the arrangements if
(i) all 9 diners may stand anywhere, mark
(ii) the Tan family members must be separated. marks
The diners then sit at two round tables, a five-seater and a smaller four-seater. Find the arrangements if
(iii) anyone may sit at either table, marks
(iv) David must sit between his parents at either table. marks
[2011/SAJC/II/6]
CJC · Review problems · Question 15
Answer
(i) 362880; (ii) 151200; (iii) 18144; (iv) 648.
(i) Unrestricted photo
.
(ii) Three separate Tan family members
Arrange the six guests in ways. Their seven linear gaps include both ends. Choose three gaps and order the three Tans: .
(iii) Choose the four-seater group
Choose four of nine diners for the smaller table: . Arrange them circularly in ways. The remaining five form the other circle in ways. Total . No division by 2 is made because table capacities distinguish the tables.
(iv) David at the four-seater
Treat parent–David–parent as one consecutive block with parent orders. Choose its one guest companion in ways and arrange the resulting two objects circularly in ways. The smaller-table count is 12; the remaining five have orders. Contribution .
(iv) David at the five-seater
Choose two guest companions in ways. The family block and two companions are three circular objects, with orders and internal parent orders. This gives 60. The remaining four have orders. Contribution . Total .
Common mistakes
David sitting between his parents means the consecutive parent–David–parent block, with two parent orders.
Solution notes
All four asks and complete printed working, including both table cases and all circular-object factors, retained.