Porisma

Worked solution

Differentiate a restricted parametric curve and find an intersection

Curve CC has x=1/1+t2x=1/\sqrt{1+t^2}, y=t3+1y=t^3+1, where t≤0t\le0.

(i) Find dy/dxdy/dx in terms of tt.

(ii) Find the coordinates of PP where CC cuts y=1/x2−2y=1/x^2-2.

[2008/TJC/Promo/5(modified)]

CJC · Discussion · Question 5

Answer

(i) dy/dx=−3t(1+t2)3/2dy/dx=-3t(1+t^2)^{3/2} for t<0t<0, with endpoint one-sided slope 00. (ii) P=(1/2,0)P=(1/\sqrt2,0).

(i) Form the derivative ratio

dx/dt=−t(1+t2)−3/2dx/dt=-t(1+t^2)^{-3/2} and dy/dt=3t2dy/dt=3t^2. For t<0t<0, dy/dx=−3t(1+t2)3/2dy/dx=-3t(1+t^2)^{3/2}. At t=0t=0 the uncancelled ratio is 0/00/0; the one-sided slope of the traced curve tends to 00 at the endpoint (1,1)(1,1).

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(ii) Solve the intersection condition

Substitution gives t3+1=1+t2−2t^3+1=1+t^2-2, so t3−t2+2=0t^3-t^2+2=0. The printed calculator solution gives t=−1t=-1; algebraically the factorisation is (t+1)(t2−2t+2)=0(t+1)(t^2-2t+2)=0, and the quadratic has discriminant −4-4, so this is the only real root and satisfies t≤0t\le0. Hence P=(1/2,0)P=(1/\sqrt2,0).

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Common mistakes

Do not cancel t at zero without separately checking the endpoint slope.

Read the hint