Porisma

A hint to get started

Model cable intersections and minimise drilling distance

Electrical engineers are installing electricity cables on a building site. Points (x,y,z)(x,y,z) are defined relative to a main switching site at (0,0,0)(0,0,0), where units are metres. Cables are laid in straight lines and the widths of cables can be neglected.

An existing cable CC starts at the main switching site and goes in the direction (3,1,−2)(3,1,-2).

A new cable is installed which passes through points P(1,2,−1)P(1,2,-1) and Q(5,7,a)Q(5,7,a).

(i) Find the value of aa for which CC and the new cable will meet.

To ensure that the cables do not meet, the engineers use a=−3a=-3. The engineers wish to connect each of the points PP and QQ to a point RR on CC.

(ii) The engineers wish to reduce the length of cable required and believe in order to do this that angle PRQPRQ should be 90∘90^\circ. Show that this is not possible.

(iii) The engineers discover that the ground between PP and RR is difficult to drill through and now decide to make the length of PRPR as small as possible. Find the coordinates of RR in this case and the exact minimum length.

[2017/I/10]

CJC · Discussion · Question 10

Use two coordinate equations before the third. For the shortest connector, work with PR² or use perpendicularity.

Read the worked solution