Self-inverse functions alternate by parity

A function ff is said to be a self-inverse function if f(x)=f−1(x) f(x)=f^{-1}(x). The function ff is defined by f(x)=ax+bcx−2 f(x)=\frac{ax+b}{cx-2}, x∈Rx\in\mathbb R, x≠2/cx\ne2/c, where a,b,c,da, b, c, d are non-zero constants.

(i) By finding f−1(x) f^{-1}(x), show that a=2 a=2 for ff to be self-inverse. marks

For the rest use a=2,b=3,c=5 a=2, b=3, c=5. (ii) Find f2(x) f^2(x). mark (iii) Evaluate f71(4) f^{71}(4). marks

The function gg is defined by g(x)=2x2−3 g(x)=2x^2-3, x∈Rx\in\mathbb R. (iv) Explain why composite fgfg does not exist. marks (v) Find exact solutions of gf(x)=5 gf(x)=5. marks

[2020/CJC/Promo/10]

Total marks: 10

Solution

If this part uses an earlier result, revisit (ii) Powers of a function or open all working together.

(iii)

Reducing large powers

Evaluate f71(4)f^{71}(4).

Explore this idea

Hint

  1. f2f^2 is the identity, so only the parity of the power matters.

  2. 71=2×35+171=2\times35+1.

Answer · (iii)

f71(4)=11/18f^{71}(4)=11/18.

Explore the idea

Open interactive exploration

Apply f to 4, again and again

The value alternates between 4 and 11/18, because f applied twice returns the input.

Teal: Start at 4. No comparison overlay.

Start: Start at 4

Start with the input 44.

  • Number line shown as y = x
  • Current value
Ideas to try
What is f70(4)f^{70}(4)?